Laparoscopic Treatment of External Genital Surgery and Coagulation
Treatment Of External Genital Surgery
Approximately 3-6% of term newborn
males have a non-descended testicle on. After completing the first year of
life, almost 2% of boys still have one undescended testicle requiring
treatment, with approx. 10-20% of mal-descended testicles are not palpable.
Because of the expected functional and organic damage to retained testicles to
demand diagnostics and therapy by the end of the second year of life. The works
on cryptorchidism diagnostics and localization diagnosis of non-palpable
testicles in children using imaging methods has proven to be unreliable and, in
some cases, too invasive.
Laparoscopic
Training simulation with Lap Trainer Box is a prudent choice.
Diagnosis of Non-Palpable Testicles
In 1976, introduced laparoscopy to
diagnose non-palpable testicles introduced. Own comparative study between
sonography, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and laparoscopy in 106 boys with
non-palpable testicles demonstrated the clear superiority of laparoscopy. While
the accuracy of both sonography and MRI was only 58%, laparoscopy achieved a
diagnostic sensitivity of 96%. In addition, laparoscopy offers the opportunity
to proceed therapeutically at the same time. In the case of an atrophic
testicle, laparoscopic orchiectomy can perform directly. If the testicles well develop,
laparoscopically assisted one- or two-stage orchidopexy (Fowler- Stephens) is
possible.
Laparoscopy is the method with the
greatest diagnostic certainty of the examinations available for the detection
or exclusion of an abdominal testicle. Frequently unsuccessful so-called
explorative, open interventions for Searching for testicles in the abdomen is
therefore unnecessary. Varicocele ligation like testicular retention, the
varicocele is one of the gonad disorders that can lead to fertility problems.
The incidence of varicocele testis is in the 5% of the normal population and
33% of infertile men.
Prophylactic Therapy
Early or prophylactic therapy for
varicoceles recommends, since they can progressively damage to the germ cell
epithelium with subsequent deterioration that leads to fertility. If a
fertility disorder has already occurred, the treatment can of the varicocele
both sperm density and sperm motility are positive influences.
Retrograde Of the Testicular Vein
When using the classic open surgical
methods must a relatively high rate (20%) of persistence or recurrence can expect.
The alternatives are retrograde or antegrade sclerotherapy of the testicular
vein as a minimally invasive treatment method for varicocele testis. The sclerotherapy
procedures have persistence (recurrence) rates of 5-10%. The disadvantage of
these procedures affects the radiation exposure. Also, several cases of
testicular atrophy after antegrade sclerotherapy describes.
Laparoscopic Coagulation
Laparoscopic varicose vein ligation,
introduced in 1989, offers the advantage of a microsurgical preparation due to
the loupe magnification of the optical system and the possibility of retaining
the spermatic artery if the surgeon wishes to do so. Our own experience began
in 1991 with laparoscopic coagulation of the testicular artery and vein. Due to
a recurrence rate of 25%, we changed our technique and, after severing the
spermatic vessels near the inner inguinal ring, achieved a recurrence or
persistence rate of 5%.
Conclusion
Due to the high success rate, the
low complication rate and the minimal invasiveness, the laparoscopic ligation
of the varicocele testis is, in our opinion, preferable to the classic open surgical
procedure. The importance of laparoscopic varicocele ligation as a primary step
is controversial because of the less invasive nature of sclerotherapy
procedures.
Compared to the sclerotherapy
techniques are the advantages of the laparoscopic Procedure in avoiding
exposure to radiation (children and young people), in the Therapy of a
bilateral varicocele as a one-step procedure, in the treatment of a Recurrences
or a varicocele in the presence of vascular anomalies.
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